Water-closet



.(No Medel.) I

P. HARVEY'.

WATER cLosE.

Patented Sept. 21. 1886.

N. PETERS. Humo-Lithograph, washinglun. D. C.

UNITED STATES l'Parinvr OFFICE.

PATRICK` HARVEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

yWATER-CLOSET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,347, datedSeptember 21I 1886.

Application filed October 19, 1885. Serial No. IBOJEFS.4 (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Pnrnron HARVEY, a citizen of theUnited States,residing at Ghicago, in the county of Cook and State'of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in \Vater-G1osets,which arefully set forth in the following specification. 'Ihe invention relatesto siphon waterfclosets, and has for its purposes, first, to provide anew means of exhausting the siphon by the flow of a current of waterpast the air-pipe leading from the siphon such that the flow of waterfor that purpose can be regulated according to the height and resultingpressure of the water, so that no more water shall be used for thatpurpose than is necessary; second, to prevent the air which ,is drawnfrom the siphon being discharged into the bowl and thence into the room,and to cause itinstead to be discharged into the soil-pipe or sewer-pipe, whence it will pass through the usual ventilating-pipe to aVentilating-flue orto the outer air; third, to prevent any air which mayat any ltime be driven from the siphon by the iiow of water into itfrointhe bowl being admitted into the bowl or by any course into the room,and to cause it instead to be forced into the soilpipe and thence toescapeinto the Ventilating shaft. I

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical section of my improvedwater-closet and the tank and connections therewith. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section through w a: on Fig. I. Fig. 3 is a detail verticalsection showing the adjustable mouth-piece of the air-pipe leading fromthe Siphon.

A is the bowl.

A is the evacuatingsiphon.

A2 is the lower trap.

A3 is the soil-pipe. L

A4 is the iinshingrinn;

B is the tank.

B is the service-box.

C is the service-pipe which supplies the tank.

C is the ordinary ball-cock which controls the supply of water to thetank.

b is the valve which controls the flow of water from the tank to theservice-box. 4

b is the valve which controls the flow of water from the service-box tothe closet. Both said valves are connected to the lever B2, pivotedabove the tank-one on one side the iulerum and the other on the otherside, so that one is opened when the other is closed. The chain bi,attached to the end of the lever B2, is designed to be connected in anyconvenient and familiar manner with the closet seat, so as to be pulleddown when the seat is depressed.

Thus far the construction is of a Well-known form, and I will notdescribe it further in detail. The service-box B has the portion B,which may be a pipe communicating with the tank at the high-water niarkand open at the top, affording a convenient channel through which toextend thel connecting-rod b, by which the lever b2 actuates the valveb', and also constituting an air-ventfor the serviceboX. rIheflushing-pipe E is inserted through the bottom of the service-box, andstands up within the latter a short distance, E. At the interior bottomof the Servicebox the pipe E has the apertures e e e, which will allow alimited iiow of water from the Servicebox into-the service-pipe. Atthe-top of the lsiphon A', I secure the box D, having at oneend thenipple D, which' makes a water-tight junction with the iiushing-rim A atthe aperture a", and having at the bottom thenipple D2, which makes anairtight junction with the Siphon at the aperture a. At the back sideboX D has the nipple D, to which the flushing-pipeE is conneeted. On thelower side near theend farthest from the bowl the box D has the nippleDt, to which is connected the pipe F, which leads thence down behind thesiphonand lower trap and discharges into the soil-pipe A3 at f beyondthe lower trap, A2.

Communication from the siphon A to the pipe F is made through theduct d,made up as follows: A short vertical pipe or duct, D2", extends fromsaid nipple up through the box D and opens .on the upper sid e, theaperture D200 being closed by the plug or cap (i200. Communicating withthis duct D20 at the side within the box D is the horizontal duct orpipe D21, which.

leads to the short vertical duct orl pipe D22, which is located at theend of theboXD farthest from the bowl and opens at the top, the apertureD220 being closed by the plug or cap (122. Said pipe D22 terminates opena short distance above the month d* of the pipe F, with whichitisconcentric. Itisinteriorlyscrew-threaded and has screwed within itthe collar d22, which may be made to protrude below its lower end andconstitutes therefore an adjustable extension of said pipe D. From thebottom ortioor of the box D anywhere between the apertures a' 5 and d*are erected two partitions, IY and D, extending nearly to the top ofsaid box and making water-tight junctions with both bottom and sides,and from the top of said box between the said partitions is suspended aIo similar partition, Di, reaching nearly to the bottom. These threepartial partitions make a trap which prevents thcpassagc of gas from thesewer or soil pipe back to the bowl or to the tank.

rlhe operation of this entire device is as follows: then the chain b2 ispulled down bythe depression ot the seat of the closet, or in any othermanner, the valve b is opened and the valve b is closed and theservice-box fills. 2o NVhen the chain Z is released, the valves arereversed, b being closed and b opened, and the water from theservice-box flows freely through the flushing-pipe E into the box D, andthence into the bowl, flushing the same, and also out through the pipeF, which is entered through the annular aperture between the end of thecollar dit and the aperture d. The portion of water which takes thislatter course induces a suction of air from the `siphon 3c A, drawingitthrough the duct d made up of the pipes l)`-",l')l D', thus exhaustingor rarefy` ing the air in the siphon and causingitto evacuate the bowl.The water passing through F carries with it the air or gases drawn fromthe Siphon and discharges into the soil-pipe. The air or gas mixed withthe water while it is passing through the pipe F has an opportunity whenit reaches the larger soilpipc to separate, and then escapes through the4o Ventilating-pipe connected tothe nipple a?. \Vhen the water in theservice-box falls below the top of the pipe E, it ceases to flood thebowl, the escape being limited to the apertures e c at the bottom oftheservice-box, and the quantity thus furnished being less than thecapacity of the aperture a, leading` to the bowl. None is furnished tothe pipe F, and not enough to the bowl to keep the siphon full. lhewater in the bowl falls to the line u n, and air being then admitted tothe siphou,

it ceases to act as such, and, as the water continues to iiow from theservice-box through the apertures c e and into the bowl, it constitutesan after-wash, filling up the bowl and shorter limb of the siphon to theline g/ y, and the remainder flows off freely to the sewer, leaving bothtraps of the closet filled. XVhile the short limb oi' the Siphon isfilling up, and at any other time when water is ilowing nor 6o mallythrough the siphon and so displacing air therefrom, the air has a freeavenue of escape through the duct d, pipe F, and ventilating-pipeconnected to the nipple as. If the closet is to be operated byahand-pull, instead of by the scat, the valve b may be omitted, theexcess of the size of the aperture from the tank to the service over thesize of the flushing-pipeEeausing theservicebox to fill while the wateris flowing from it to flush the bowl. It will be observed also that ineither case the duct B serves as an overflow from the tank to theservice-box, and thence through the apertures c c to thefiushing-pipeandthe bowl, so that in ease of any derangemcnt in the ballcock Cpreventing it from closing, the water will allpass through the closetinto the sewer. For this purpose the total area of the apertures c eshould be sufficient to allow the escape of as much water as the cock Ccan admit to the tank. It will be observed also that the pipe E shouldhave a cross-section equal to that ofthe pipe F added to the area of theaperture u, in order that it may furnish enough water to both flush thebowl, (furnishing for that purpose as much water as the aperture a" willadxnit,) and also supply the pipe F, for the purpose of exhausting theair from the Siphon. The amount of water required for the latter purposewill depend to some extent upon the speed of the currentinto the pipe Faround the mouth of the duct d, and that speed will depend upon theheight of the service-box above the closet or any other circumstanceaffecting the presslllC. be adjusted to the circumstances and the mini*mum quantity only of water used, 'll provide the collar d, adustable upand down from and toward the aperture d, to increase or diminish thearea of access to the pipe F from the box D. To reach this collar andadjust il, the plug Imis removed by a wrench and a screwdriver used toengage the collar r'" and screw it up or down.

In order that free access maybe had tothe pipe F to clearout anyobstructions which may lodge therein, the pipe DL, forming the lastsection of the duct (l, is made the full size of the pipe F. Il'necessary to give fuller access to the pipe F,thc eollardtimay bescrewed out at the top of the pipe lhe trap formed by the partitions Df,D, and l)T in the box l) serves to prevent sewer-gas passing by way ofthe pipe F from the soil-pipeinto the service box, and thence into theroom.

lt is obvious that the box D may be removed from thc closet andconnected thereto by two pipesone from the nipple D' to the aperture ainto the flushing-rim A, and another from the nipple D2 to the aperturea into the siphou, but by locating it, as illustrated, immediately abovethe siphon and against the bowl,the use of such pipes is madeunnecessary. rlhe box D is convenienty secured in place and tightconnection effected b v forming flanges H H on the top of the siphou,and flanges 011 the bottom of the box D, using rubber gasketsjj, slippedover the nipples D and D, countersinking the apertures a" and e to fitthe nipples, respectively, and binding the box D to the closet by bolt-sthrough the flanges on both ,having first forced thebox laterallytocrowd thenipplc D tightly into the counter-sunk aperture a.

In order, therefore, that the device may I It is obvious thatfunctionally the chamber of the boxD is a part of the water-duct fromthe service-box to the soil-pipe, and also a part of the water-duct fromthe service-box to the bowl, and that said ducts merely meet and unitein said box,being one duct from said box to the service-box, and I donot limit myself to the particular structure of said two ducts which ishere illustrated as involving said box; but any structure involving thetwo ductsone leading to the bowl and the other to the soil-pipe beyondthe closet-traps,the latter being connected with the air-duct from thesiphon, so as to exhaust it-Awould involve the essence of my invention.

I claim- 1. In combination,substantially asset forth, the bowl, itssiphonic evacuating-pipe and traps, and discharge-pipe to the sewer, thewater-ducts, one leading to the bowl and the other to the discharge-pipebeyond the traps, and the air-duct leadingfrom the siphon into thelatter water-duct, so as to be exhausted by the water-current throughthe same.

2. I n combination,substantially as set forth, the bowl, its siphonicVevacuating and discharge pipe, a watenpipe, an air-pipe from the siphonopening within the water-pipe, and an adjustable mouth-piece Afor saidair-pipe, whereby the water-aperture around said airpipe may beregulated at will.

3. In combination,substantially as set forth, the bowl, its siphonicevacuating and discharge pipe, the box D, communicating with the bowland with the siphon, the water-pipe E, leading into said box, thewater-pipe F, leading out of said box, the air-duct d, leading from thesiphon and terminating near to and concentric with the opening into saidpipe F.

4. In combination, substantially as set forth, the bowl, its siphonicevacuating and discharge pipe, the box D, communicating with the bowland with the siphon, the water-pipe E, leading into said box, thewater-pipe F, leading out of said box, the air-duct d, leading from thesiphon and opening within the box D, having its terminal branch in linewith the pipe F and its mouth near to the opening into said pipe, andprovided with the aperture D?lo at the surface of the box D, and theinterior collar, d, constituting an adjustable mouthpiece accessiblethrough the opening D22.

5. In combination,substantially as set forth, the bowl and its traps anddischarge-pipe, the water-pipe, and two water -ways supplied thereby,one ieading to the bowl and the other leading to the discharge-pipebeyond the traps of the bowl, and having a trap to prevent return of gasfrom the sewer into the bowl or service-box.

6. In combination, substantially asset forth, the bowl, its siphonicevacuating-pipe, traps and discharge pipe, the water-pipe and twowater-ways supplied thereby, one leading to the b owl and the otherleading to the discharge-pipe` beyond the traps of the bowl, andprovided with a trap to prevent the return of gas from the sewer, and anair-pipe leading from the siphon and opening into the second water-waybeyond the trap therein.

7. In combination with the ,bowl and siphon iliade integral and havingthe apertures a* and a', respectively, and the flanges H H, the box D,having the nipples D and D2, to fit said apertures, respectively,and thefianges H H', whereby it is secured to the bowl and siphon,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of twowitnesses, at Chicago, Illinois, this 14th day of October, A. D. 1885.

PATRICK HARVEY.

Attest:

CHAs. S. BURTON, FRANCIS W. PARKER.

